Patients with chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma would be expected to be at high risk of COVID-19 as the virus primarily targets the airways and lung parenchyma. The COVID-19 infection is spreading at an alarming rate with over 116 million confirmed cases, including 2.5 million deaths, globally as of 9 March 2021. In a relatively lower percentage of asthma patients, the T helper type 17 (Th17) endotype is associated with a predominantly neutrophilic inflammation with different pathophysiological mechanisms. The majority of the patients with asthma demonstrate a predominantly T helper type 2 (Th2) immune response, in which the type 2 immune cells are playing a major role in asthma pathogenesis. Also, it was shown that the most common cause of hospitalization in asthmatic patients with COVID-19 infection was pneumonia followed by gastroenteritis and not an asthma exacerbation.Īsthma is considered an airway complex inflammatory disorder that is classified into eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic phenotypes. There was a significant statistical difference in eosinophil count between COVID-19-infected patients with asthma and COVID-19 infected without asthma. Results showed the best patient’s outcome was seen in asthmatic patients without COVID-19 infection followed by asthmatic patient with COVID-19 infection. Patients were divided into three groups: group 1-COVID-19 infected with asthma (312) group 2-COVID-19 infected with no asthma (286) and group 3-COVID-19 non-infected with asthma (300). The current study was a retrospective observational study involving 898 patients attending the outpatient pulmonary clinic of a Saudi Arabian private hospital over three successive months from the 1st of December 2020 to the end of February 2021. This study aimed to assess the outcome of patients with asthma and/or COVID infection in adults attending outpatient pulmonary clinic over three successive months from clinical and laboratory point of view.
The association between COVID-19 infection and asthma was studied in different ways focusing on hospital-admitted patients.
Asthma is still considered a major chronic respiratory disease that affects a large number in the world.
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